Harun Raaj & AssociatesHarun Raaj & Associates
Emerging & Next-Gen Compliance

ESG & Sustainability Advisory

ESG Advisory

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Overview

ESG and sustainability advisory helps companies measure, manage and report their environmental, social and governance performance. The regulatory anchor is the SEBI framework: the Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR) is mandated for the top listed entities under Regulation 34(2)(f) of the SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations 2015, with the BRSR Core subject to phased assurance. Around it sits the broader ecosystem — the National Guidelines for Responsible Business Conduct, the ESG disclosure expectations of investors and lenders, and the data infrastructure the disclosures require.

The ESG transition has moved from voluntary to contractual. Listed companies must report; their value chains must supply the data; and investors, lenders and corporate buyers increasingly condition capital and contracts on ESG performance. For a company in a listed company's value chain, ESG data supply is now a commercial requirement — a supplier that cannot produce its energy, emissions and workforce data loses the contract.

The cost of treating ESG as a reporting afterthought is that the report becomes the risk. Assurers test the reported numbers against the underlying data; a report assembled from estimates falls apart at assurance, and the qualified finding goes to the exchanges. On the finance side, banks and investors now run ESG screens where an unmanaged position shows up as a pricing or eligibility issue.

This service is for listed companies, their value-chain partners, and businesses preparing for ESG scrutiny. We map the BRSR and BRSR Core requirements, build the data capture for the KPIs, draft the disclosures, run the assurance engagement where required, and advise on the governance and policies that turn ESG from a compliance exercise into a commercial asset.

How It Works

  1. 1

    ESG Applicability & Scope

    We map your ESG obligations — BRSR, BRSR Core or value-chain data supply.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this3-5 days
  2. 2

    Data Capture Design

    We design the data capture for the ESG KPIs — energy, emissions, workforce and governance.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this1-2 weeks
  3. 3

    Disclosure Drafting

    We draft the BRSR and sustainability disclosures from verified data.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this2-4 weeks
  4. 4

    Assurance Engagement

    We perform the assurance of the BRSR Core to the applicable framework.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this2-4 weeks
  5. 5

    Policies & Governance

    We advise on the policies and governance that sustain the ESG position year to year.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does thisOngoing

Frequently Asked Questions

What is BRSR and who must comply?
The Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR) is mandated by SEBI for the top 1,000 listed companies by market capitalisation (SEBI Circular SEBI/HO/CFD/CFD-SEC-2/P/CIR/2023/122 dated 12 July 2023). BRSR Core (the subset requiring assurance) was made mandatory for top 150 companies from FY 2023-24, top 250 from FY 2024-25, and top 500 from FY 2026-27. BRSR Core metrics cover 9 KPIs across energy, water, GHG, waste, and supply chain sustainability.
What assurance standard applies to BRSR Core?
SEBI requires "Reasonable Assurance" on BRSR Core KPIs — the highest level of assurance, equivalent to audit opinion. The ICAI has issued ISAE 3410 (Assurance Engagements on Greenhouse Gas Statements) and a separate BRSR assurance guidance. Only CAs with relevant competence (ICAI Certificate Course on Sustainability Reporting Assurance) can issue BRSR Core assurance. The assurance report is appended to the Annual Report.
What GHG accounting framework applies in India?
The GHG Protocol (WRI/WBCSD) is the globally accepted framework — also used for BRSR. Scope 1: direct emissions (fuel combustion, company vehicles, fugitive emissions). Scope 2: indirect emissions from purchased electricity/heat. Scope 3: value chain emissions (upstream suppliers, downstream use of products) — not yet mandatory for BRSR Core but increasingly reported. GHG intensity is the BRSR Core metric — absolute emissions are disclosed but intensity per ₹ of turnover or per unit of output is the comparability measure.
What are TCFD recommendations and how do they apply to Indian companies?
The Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations (2017) structure climate disclosures around: (1) Governance — Board oversight of climate risk; (2) Strategy — climate risks/opportunities and financial impact; (3) Risk Management — processes for identifying and managing climate risk; (4) Metrics and Targets — GHG emissions, water, energy. BRSR is modelled on TCFD principles. SEBI has aligned BRSR E&S disclosures with TCFD recommendations for financial materiality.
Can a CA firm provide ESG rating or advisory services?
CA firms can provide: (1) GHG inventory computation and verification; (2) BRSR Core assurance under ISAE 3410; (3) ESG strategy advisory — materiality assessment, target setting, framework alignment (GRI, SASB, TCFD, ISSB S1/S2); (4) supply chain ESG audit; (5) green/sustainable finance advisory (IFC Green Bond Principles, SEBI Green Bond Framework). ESG ratings (quantitative scoring of a company's ESG profile) are a SEBI-regulated activity under the ESG Rating Providers framework — only SEBI-registered ERPs can issue ratings.

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