Harun Raaj & AssociatesHarun Raaj & Associates
Indirect Tax Services

Indirect Tax Advisory — GST, Customs & Export Incentives

Indirect Tax

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Overview

Indirect tax advisory is the umbrella service covering the business's entire indirect tax position — the GST under the CGST/SGST/IGST Acts 2017, the customs duty under the Customs Act 1962, and the export incentives under the Foreign Trade Policy. The advisory maps the business's supplies, its imports and exports, and its incentive claims against the law, and runs the compliance — the registration, the returns, the refunds, the assessments and the notices — as one coordinated position rather than a set of separate filings.

The indirect taxes are the largest cash taxes a business pays, and they are the most audit-visible. The GST position is read by the department from the returns; the customs position is read at the border; the incentive claims are read in the export records. The business that manages them as one position finds its cash, its refunds and its audit exposure under control; the business that manages them as separate filings finds the gaps where the positions cross.

The cost of unmanaged indirect tax is the demand and the blocked cash together: the GST liability miscalculated, the credit unclaimed, the refunds abandoned, the customs classification wrong, the incentives missed — each a leak in a system where the leaks are visible to the department.

This service is for businesses that want their indirect tax run as a single discipline. We map the GST, the customs and the export incentive positions under the Acts, run the compliance cycle, build and file the refund claims, respond to the notices and the audits, and review the positions annually so the indirect tax structure is current with the business and the law.

How It Works

  1. 1

    Indirect Tax Position Map

    We map the GST, the customs and the incentive positions of the business.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this1 week
  2. 2

    Compliance Cycle Setup

    We set up the returns, the payments and the calendar for the business.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this1 week
  3. 3

    Refund & Incentive Build

    We build and file the refunds and the export incentive claims.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does thisAs required
  4. 4

    Notice & Audit Response

    We respond to the notices and the audits across the indirect taxes.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does thisAs required
  5. 5

    Annual Position Review

    We review the indirect tax structure annually for the law and the business changes.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does thisAnnual

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main indirect taxes in India?
Post-GST (1 July 2017), the primary indirect taxes are: (1) GST — CGST, SGST/UTGST, IGST on supply of goods and services; (2) Customs Duty — on import/export of goods under the Customs Act 1962; (3) Excise Duty — on petroleum products and alcohol (not subsumed into GST); (4) Stamp Duty — on instruments, levied by states. Other sector-specific levies: entertainment tax on some states, electricity duty, and professional tax. Pre-GST taxes (excise, service tax, VAT) continue to be litigated for periods before July 2017.
What is the single-window approach for indirect tax compliance?
Post-GST, a business with only domestic operations effectively has one indirect tax authority — GSTN. For businesses involved in imports/exports: GSTN (GST), ICEGATE (Customs), and DGFT portal (FTP licences). Common compliance calendar: GST — monthly/quarterly returns; Customs — shipping bill, bill of entry filed transaction-by-transaction; DGFT — AA/EPCG licence usage reporting annually. A single compliance calendar across all three authorities reduces the risk of missed filings.
What is the interaction between customs duty and GST on imports?
On import: BCD (Basic Customs Duty) at the HSN-notified rate (Customs Tariff Act 1975) + Social Welfare Surcharge (10% of BCD) + IGST at the GST rate on the CIF value + BCD + SWS. The IGST on imports is eligible as ITC for registered importers — effectively making import IGST tax-neutral for business imports. BCD and SWS are not available as ITC — they are a permanent cost. FTAs reduce BCD on qualifying goods from treaty countries.
What is the cascading effect that GST was designed to solve?
Pre-GST: central excise on manufacturing + service tax on services + state VAT on sales + CST on inter-state sales. Taxes were levied on taxes (no cross-credit between excise and VAT; no credit of CST). This cascading added 25–30% hidden tax cost in some supply chains. GST replaced this with a single credit chain — CGST, SGST, and IGST credit flows freely along the supply chain, except for blocked credits under Section 17(5). The cascading effect now exists only for BCD on imports and excise on petroleum.
What is the indirect tax planning opportunity in a multi-state business?
Key planning areas: (a) correct HSN/SAC to minimise rate without misclassification risk; (b) supply chain structuring — where goods are manufactured and from where they are billed affects IGST vs SGST incidence; (c) choosing the right entity for ISD registration to maximise ITC pooling and distribution; (d) separating exempt supplies into a different legal entity to avoid Rule 42 proportionate ITC reversal; (e) using SEZ/EOU status for export-oriented operations to achieve effective zero-GST environment.

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