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7SM REIT
Capital Markets & Investment Banking

SM REIT Registration — SEBI 2024

SM REIT

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Regulatory Framework

SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) Regulations, 2014, as amended in 2024 to introduce the Small and Medium REIT (SM REIT) framework (Regulations 26M-26Q), govern registration and operation of SM REITs. This framework applies to real estate assets valued between ₹50 crore and below ₹500 crore — the asset-value band that distinguishes an SM REIT from a conventional REIT (which applies above ₹500 crore). An SM REIT scheme must have a minimum of 200 investors and is structured with a 3-year scheme window for each scheme launched under the investment manager. Sponsors must retain a minimum 15% unit holding in each scheme, locked in for 3 years from listing, aligning sponsor interest with scheme performance over the initial holding period. Registration involves setting up an investment manager entity separately registered with SEBI, distinct from the trust structure itself, with each scheme raised under it subject to the asset-value, investor-count, and lock-in conditions above. As a post-2024 framework, subsequent amendments to these thresholds should be verified against the current SEBI (REIT) Regulations before reliance.

Overview

Small and Medium REIT (SM REIT) services cover the registration and the operation of the small and medium real estate investment trusts under the SEBI (Small and Medium Real Estate Investment Trusts) Regulations 2024 — the structure through which the small and the medium income-generating real estate assets are pooled and held for the investors, the registration with the SEBI, the trustee and the manager, the offer and the listing, and the ongoing compliance under the Regulations. The SM REIT is the newer route for the retail and the institutional investment in the smaller real estate assets.

The SM REIT is the regulated vehicle for the smaller income-generating properties — the pooling of the assets into the trust, the registration with the SEBI under the 2024 Regulations, the offer to the investors and the listing, and the ongoing disclosure and the governance. The structure combines the real estate ownership with the securities regulation, and its compliance runs under the SM REIT Regulations — the eligibility, the registration, the offer document, the valuations and the reporting.

The cost of a non-compliant SM REIT is the regulatory action and the failed offer: the registration that the SEBI does not grant, the offer that the disclosures sink, the compliance that the investors and the regulator enforce.

This service is for sponsors and managers establishing SM REITs. We structure the SM REIT under the 2024 Regulations — the assets, the trust, the trustee and the manager — prepare and file the registration with the SEBI, build the offer and the valuation documentation, manage the listing and the investor processes, and run the ongoing compliance so the SM REIT operates within its regulation.

How It Works

  1. 1

    SM REIT Structuring

    We structure the trust, the assets and the parties under the Regulations.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this2-4 weeks
  2. 2

    Registration Filing

    We prepare and file the registration with the SEBI.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this4-12 weeks
  3. 3

    Offer & Valuation

    We build the offer and the valuation documentation.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does this3-6 weeks
  4. 4

    Listing & Investors

    We manage the listing and the investor processes.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does thisAs required
  5. 5

    Ongoing Compliance

    We run the disclosure and the governance compliance.

    Harun Raaj & Associates does thisOngoing

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an SM REIT and how does it differ from a regular REIT in India?
A Small and Medium Real Estate Investment Trust (SM REIT) is a SEBI-regulated vehicle introduced by the SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) (Amendment) Regulations 2024, notified on March 8, 2024, specifically for fractional ownership platforms and smaller real estate portfolios. Unlike a regular REIT which must have a minimum asset value of Rs 500 crore, an SM REIT can be set up with a minimum scheme asset value of Rs 50 crore per scheme under Regulation 2(1)(zma) of the SEBI (REIT) Regulations 2014 as amended. Each SM REIT scheme must hold completed and rent-generating real estate assets, not under-construction properties. The investment manager of an SM REIT must have a minimum net worth of Rs 20 crore under Regulation 4A of the amended REIT Regulations, whereas a regular REIT's manager requires Rs 80 crore net worth.
Who can act as an Investment Manager for an SM REIT and what are the eligibility conditions?
Under Regulation 4A of the SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) (Amendment) Regulations 2024, the Investment Manager for an SM REIT must be a body corporate incorporated in India with a minimum net worth of Rs 20 crore, at least two years of experience in real estate or fund management, and must not have been found guilty of any economic offence. The Investment Manager's key personnel must collectively have at least five years of experience in real estate development, fund management, or property management. The entity must register with SEBI as an SM REIT Investment Manager before launching any scheme, and registration is non-transferable. SEBI has the power to suspend or cancel registration under Regulation 33 of the SEBI (REIT) Regulations 2014 for non-compliance.
What are the disclosure and compliance requirements for an SM REIT scheme?
Each SM REIT scheme must issue a Scheme Information Document (SID) compliant with Schedule VIII of the SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) (Amendment) Regulations 2024, disclosing asset details, valuation reports, risk factors, and financial projections. The SM REIT must distribute at least 90% of its distributable cash flows to unitholders in each quarter under Regulation 22C as inserted by the 2024 amendment. Annual valuation of scheme assets by a SEBI-registered valuer under the Companies Act 2013 is mandatory under Regulation 21. The Investment Manager must file half-yearly and annual financial statements with SEBI and the stock exchange on which SM REIT units are listed under Regulation 23 of the REIT Regulations 2014.
How are SM REIT units taxed in the hands of investors?
The tax treatment of SM REIT units follows the same framework as regular REITs under Section 10(23FC), Section 10(23FCA), and Section 115UA of the Income Tax Act 1961. Distributions that represent interest income from special purpose vehicles (SPVs) pass through tax-free at the REIT level and are taxable in the hands of the unitholder at applicable slab rates under Section 10(23FC)(a). Dividend distributions from SPVs that have opted for the Section 115BAA regime are tax-exempt for the unitholder. Capital gains on sale of SM REIT units listed on a recognised stock exchange are taxed under Section 112A (long-term, held over 36 months) or Section 111A (short-term), subject to securities transaction tax (STT) under Chapter VII of the Finance Act 2004.
Can existing fractional ownership platforms (FOPs) migrate their structures into an SM REIT?
Yes, SEBI's circular SEBI/HO/DDHS/DDHS-PoD-2/P/CIR/2024/26 dated March 18, 2024 gave existing online platforms offering fractional ownership of real estate (other than agricultural land) a migration period to register as SM REITs or wind down operations. Platforms that were operational before the 2024 amendment were required to file a migration application with SEBI by specified deadlines, migrating their pool of assets into SEBI-compliant SM REIT schemes. The migration requires each underlying asset to be transferred into a scheme SPV, and existing fractional investors' interests must be converted into SM REIT units with proper stamp duty treatment under applicable state stamp acts. Platforms that fail to migrate face regulatory action under Sections 11 and 11B of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act 1992.

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